Water, Sanitation, Hygiene
According to the Centers for Disease Control, global access to safe water, adequate sanitation, and proper hygiene education can reduce illness and death from disease, leading to improved health, poverty reduction, and socio-economic development. However, many countries are challenged to provide these basic necessities to their populations, leaving people at risk for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related diseases. Resources available within this theme offer information on providing access to safe water and appropriate sanitation facilities, and introducing sound hygiene behaviors.
Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Resources
Overview of Water and Sanitation System Development
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
A large percentage of people in rural areas of the developing world do not have access to safe and convenient water supplies for drinking, personal hygiene and domestic purposes. Even fewer people have adequate waste disposal facilities.Read more
Designing Aqua Privies
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to design an aqua privy and arrive at three end products: (1) a location map, (2) design drawings of the aqua privy, and (3) a detailed materials list. Read the entire technical note before beginning the design process.Read more
Designing Compost Toilets
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to design a compost toilet and arrive at three end products: (1) a location map, (2) design drawings of the compost toilet, and (3) a construction materials list. Read the entire technical note before beginning the design process.Read more
Water for the World: Methods of Controlling Enteric Diseases
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note discusses measures which can be instituted to control the spread of enteric diseases. Special emphasis is given to basic preventive measures that should be taken to provide hygienic conditions in individual households and in the entire community.Read more
Constructing an Elevated Storage Tank
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note discusses various construction procedures that can be followed for constructing elevated storage tanks of different capacities. Construction of most tanks requires a certain amount of expertise or someone with a great deal of construction experience.Read more
Designing a Slow Sand Filter
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
A slow sand filter is a very useful water treatment process, Slow sand filtration effectively removes organic matter, pathogenic organisms, color and mild turbidity to provide clean and safe water. This technical note describes the basic design features of a slow sand filter.Read more
Determining the Need for Water Treatment
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This analysis measures selected bacteriological and chemical characteristics of the water. Each of these methods of studying water quality collects different kinds of data on a water source. It is best to use all three methods to compile complete information on the quality of water supply.Read more
Methods of Solid Waste Management
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
Methods of solid waste management are described in this technical note including: landfill, composting, and biogas systems. A solid waste management collection system must go along with all three management methods. All these methods can be built and operated using locally available materials.Read more
Designing a Small Community Sedimentation Basin
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
Sedimentation is the removal of suspended matter from water through a process of settling. In this process, particles heavier than water settle to the bottom of an especially designed tank. This technical note describes the design of a plain sedimentation basin for a rural water supply system.Read more
Evaluating Rainfall Catchments
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes each catchment system and discusses its advantages and disadvantages. Before deciding to use a rainfall catchment, be sure to determine that the quantity of water it will produce is sufficient to meet local or individual needs and that enough storage can be provided.Read more
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