Water, Sanitation, Hygiene
According to the Centers for Disease Control, global access to safe water, adequate sanitation, and proper hygiene education can reduce illness and death from disease, leading to improved health, poverty reduction, and socio-economic development. However, many countries are challenged to provide these basic necessities to their populations, leaving people at risk for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related diseases. Resources available within this theme offer information on providing access to safe water and appropriate sanitation facilities, and introducing sound hygiene behaviors.
Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Resources
Remote-sensing-based algorithms for water quality monitoring in Olushandja Dam, north-central Namibia
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July 13, 2021Frequent and continuous water quality monitoring of Olushandja Dam in Namibia is needed to inform timely decision-making. Water quality parameters considered included turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), nitrates, ammonia, total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and total algae counts...Read more
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NamibiaComparing methods to improve reliable sensor deployment time in continuous water quality monitoring
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July 13, 2021Maintaining water quality depends on monitoring, as reliable data are critical for environmental management and protection. Continuous monitoring is still a challenge, since the equipment requires constant calibration and has a high cost. The results help to detect pollution and determine actions...Read more
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GlobalWater quality monitoring: from conventional to emerging technologies
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July 13, 2021The rapid urbanization and industrial development have resulted in water contamination and water quality deterioration at an alarming rate, deeming its quick, inexpensive and accurate detection imperative. Conventional methods to measure water quality are lengthy, expensive and inefficient,...Read more
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GlobalPakistanA framework for the use of artificial neural networks for water treatment: development and application
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July 13, 2021Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are increasingly being used in water treatment applications because of their ability to model complex systems. The present study proposed a framework to develop and validate ANNs for drinking water treatment and distribution system water quality applications. The...Read more
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GlobalInsights from the Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture
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July 13, 2021The Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture critically evaluates choices about water, food and ecosystems to provide policy-relevant recommendations on the way forward. This report contains insights about using marginal quality water as a resource, managing agriculture to...Read more
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GlobalWhat Can Communities Do About Lead in Drinking Water?
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July 13, 2021An estimated 6 million leaded service lines(link is external) deliver drinking water to households across the United States, and when these lines leach lead into drinking water, it poses a serious public health problem. In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, states and cities are working to issue...Read more
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United StatesBalancing Multiple Goals at the Local Level: Water Quality, Water Equity, and Water Conservation
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July 13, 2021While there is a nationwide, overarching federal structure that pursues the goal of clean water, most efforts to provide clean water are seen at the local level. This paper looks at how local governments work to provide clean and safe water supplies while balancing the demands of fairness, justice...Read more
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United StatesEnvironmental justice and drinking water quality: are there socioeconomic disparities in nitrate levels in U.S. drinking water?
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July 13, 2021Low-income and minority communities often face disproportionately high pollutant exposures. The lead crisis in Flint, Michigan, has sparked concern about broader socioeconomic disparities in exposures to drinking water contaminants. Nitrate is commonly found in drinking water, especially in...Read more
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United StatesHealth consequences of drought in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region: hotspot areas and needed actions
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July 13, 2021Over the past four decades, drought episodes in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) of the World Health Organization (WHO) have gradually become more widespread, prolonged, and frequent. We aimed to map hotspot countries and identified key strategic actions for health consequences. A series of...Read more
Making the Invisible Visible: Results of a Community-Led Health Survey Following PFAS Contamination of Drinking Water in Merrimack, New Hampshire
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July 13, 2021In March 2016, citizens of Merrimack, New Hampshire, learned that their public water supply was contaminated with perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). A subsequent state-led investigation revealed widespread contamination of both public and private well water with PFOA and several related chemicals,...Read more
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