Water, Sanitation, Hygiene
According to the Centers for Disease Control, global access to safe water, adequate sanitation, and proper hygiene education can reduce illness and death from disease, leading to improved health, poverty reduction, and socio-economic development. However, many countries are challenged to provide these basic necessities to their populations, leaving people at risk for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related diseases. Resources available within this theme offer information on providing access to safe water and appropriate sanitation facilities, and introducing sound hygiene behaviors.
Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Resources
Determining the Need for Water Treatment
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This analysis measures selected bacteriological and chemical characteristics of the water. Each of these methods of studying water quality collects different kinds of data on a water source. It is best to use all three methods to compile complete information on the quality of water supply.Read more
Methods of Solid Waste Management
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
Methods of solid waste management are described in this technical note including: landfill, composting, and biogas systems. A solid waste management collection system must go along with all three management methods. All these methods can be built and operated using locally available materials.Read more
Designing a Small Community Sedimentation Basin
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
Sedimentation is the removal of suspended matter from water through a process of settling. In this process, particles heavier than water settle to the bottom of an especially designed tank. This technical note describes the design of a plain sedimentation basin for a rural water supply system.Read more
Evaluating Rainfall Catchments
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes each catchment system and discusses its advantages and disadvantages. Before deciding to use a rainfall catchment, be sure to determine that the quantity of water it will produce is sufficient to meet local or individual needs and that enough storage can be provided.Read more
Designing Bucket Latrines
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to design a bucket latrine and arrive at these end products: (1) a location map, (2) design drawings of the bucket latrine, (3) a construction materials list, and (4) an operation materials list. Read the entire technical note before beginning the design process.Read more
Designing Sumps, Soakage Pits and Soakage Trenches
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to design sumps, soakage pits, and soakage trenches and how to produce three end products: (1) a location map, (2) technical drawings of the disposal system, and (3) a construction materials list. Read the entire technical note before beginning the design process.Read more
Designing a Composting System
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to design a composting system and arrive at the essential end-products. A composting system is a means of turning garbage, animal manure, other organic wastes, and, in some cases, excreta into compost. Read the entire technical note before beginning the design...Read more
Overview of Sanitation
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note on sanitation are divided into three series: (1) Simple Excreta and Wash water Disposal, (2) Combined Excreta and Wash water Disposal, and (3) Solid Waste Disposal. Within each series, the technical notes are organized according to methods, planning, design, construction,...Read more
Constructing Pits for Privies
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes each step in constructing a pit for privies. The pit beneath a privy receives and holds excreta. The pit prevents contamination of groundwater and the spread of disease by keeping the excreta away from humans, animals, and insects. Read the entire technical note before...Read more
Water for the World: Planning Disease Control Programs
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
Document provides 8 steps to comprising a comprehensive disease control program. Each step is intended to assure that all relevant problems and possibilities are considered in the development, implementation and evaluation of a program or project. The steps are essential for mobilizing community...Read more
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