Water, Sanitation, Hygiene
According to the Centers for Disease Control, global access to safe water, adequate sanitation, and proper hygiene education can reduce illness and death from disease, leading to improved health, poverty reduction, and socio-economic development. However, many countries are challenged to provide these basic necessities to their populations, leaving people at risk for water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related diseases. Resources available within this theme offer information on providing access to safe water and appropriate sanitation facilities, and introducing sound hygiene behaviors.
Water, Sanitation, Hygiene Resources
Constructing Bucket Latrines
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes each step in constructing a bucket latrine. A bucket latrine consists of a shelter and a platform which supports a slab and encloses a bucket. Constructing a bucket latrine involves assembling all necessary labor, materials, and tools; building a base and platform from...Read more
Determining the Need for Water Storage
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
Technical note helps determine the need for water storage. Storage is necessary (1) when rainwater is collected for drinking water, (2) for most distribution systems where the source's continuous supply is barely sufficient or is insufficient to meet the daily demand and (3) where a single...Read more
Constructing a Biogas System
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to construct a biogas system. A biogas system is a means of digesting animal manure anaerobically to produce methane gas which is burned to provide heat or light. The system consists of one or more digester tanks, a gas holder, an arrangement of gas pipes, and one...Read more
Designing a Biogas System
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to design a biogas system. A biogas system is a means of digesting animal manure anaerobically to produce methane gas which is burned to provide heat or light. The system consists of one or more digester tanks, a gas holder, an arrangement of gas pipes, and one or...Read more
Designing a Household Cistern
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
Technical note provides guidance on designing a household cistern. Household cisterns are an important means of storing rainwater for family use. In areas where rainwater is the primary source of drinking water, adequate storage is necessary to ensure that people have access to a sufficient...Read more
Operating and Maintaining a Biogas System
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to operate and maintain a biogas system. A biogas system is a means of digesting animal manure anaerobically to produce methane gas which is burned to provide heat or light. The system consists of one or more digester tanks, a gas holder, an arrangement of gas...Read more
Designing a Solid Waste Collection System
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to design a composting system and arrive at the essential end-products. A composting system is a means of turning garbage, animal manure, other organic wastes, and, in some cases, excreta into compost. Designing a composting system involves determining the method...Read more
Constructing Slabs for Privies
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes each step in constructing a slab. The slab is the floor of the privy. It covers the pit and has a hole through which to defecate. Constructing a slab involved assembling materials, tools, and labor, and building either a squatting slab or a sitting slab (seat &...Read more
Constructing Privy Shelters
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
A privy shelter is a screen or structure that gives the person using the privy privacy. Depending on the design, a shelter can protect the user from the weather and keep out flies, rats, scavenging dogs, and other pests. Constructing a privy shelter involves assembling necessary labor, materials,...Read more
Operating and Maintaining a Landfill
Published:
January 1, 1982U.S. Agency for International Development
This technical note describes how to operate and maintain a landfill. A landfill is a means of disposing of solid waste by burying it. This prevents contamination of water supplies and breeding of flies and rats which may spread disease to people in the community. Operating a landfill involves...Read more
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