The primary objective of the second phase of the WASH assignment is to test selected recommendations to improve O&M capabilities In Zaire. The test results will be analyzed and integrated into revised O&M programs for capped springs, gravity-fed piped water systems, and boreholes with hand pumps. A secondary objective of this phase is to provide direct technical assistance to USAID-financed RWS projects to identify deficiencies and to recommend measures to improve O&M programs.