The study investigated land and water use potentials of the Tungabhadra Irrigation Project (TBP) located in one of the most sparsely settled and impoverished areas of Mysore State, India. Its objectives were to determine the most profitable crops that could be grown on the black soils in the TBP under two alternative sets of land and water use regulations that might be adopted by project officials, and to examine the aggregate crop production potentials and input needs under these alternative sets of regulations. The study was limited to the Fortieth Distributary in the TBP located on the Left Bank Lower Level Canal in the heart of the black soil area. Four representative farms were identified that are characteristic of the farms in the area studied. For each of the representative farms, 12 constraints were defined: Regulations A and B, concerning irrigated crops allowed, within both A and B, the alternatives of (1) permitting light irrigation only and (2) permitting both light and paddy irrigation; and for each of these four constraints, three situations relative to credit and land developed for irrigation. Linear programming was used to find the crop combinations that would maximize net income under 12 situations for each of the representative farms.