Integrating Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Into Nutrition Programming
Recent studies suggest that after a period of exclusive breastfeeding in the early months of life, children 6-17 months of age show an increase in the incidence of diarrhea that correlates with the introduction of complementary feeding.7 In developing countries, children under age 2 experience an average of three episodes of diarrhea, most between 6-11 months of age.8 Unsafe water was considered the primary cause of diarrhea in children transitioning from an exclusive breastfeeding diet, but recent evidence also points to unsafe food.9 In 2009, the World Health Organization's (WHO) head of food safety noted that a WHO analysis determined unsafe food kills an estimated 1.2 million people over age 5 in Southeast Asia and Africa each year.10 This statistic serves as an informal proxy of contamination levels in complementary and weaning foods ingested by young children and reinforces the issue of food hygiene as a critical practice to address.