Economic and ecological factors are forcing many of the world's small-scale fishermen to consider moving from a capture to a culture orientation, a task which few are in a position to accomplish easily. Due to the situational similarities between small-scale agricultural production systems and fisheries, this paper suggests that a farming systems research (FSR) approach would be useful in fish culture development. Two aspects of the FSR methodology make it particularly beneficial for helping the myriad of fishermen and fishery methods which exist: FSR is locale-specific and multi-dimensional. FSR can be used to develop improved (but not necessarily new) technologies which are consistent with the desires and circumstances of the target group; introduce new technology as a supplemental or alternative activity to existing activities; or effect bold changes and develop new systems. These options are important as the nature of fisheries changes and better economic analysis and management methods become requisite. The development of a competent, multidisciplinary FSR team, it is concluded, is one of the first steps in guiding the evolution of the world's fisheries industry. Guidelines for adapting FSR to the analysis of tropical fisheries are included.