This report describes the results of research on groundwater use by farmers in a selected area of Pakistan's Punjab Province. The objectives of the research were to: 1) quantify groundwater extraction rates within a canal command area of the province; 2) relate these rates to the "safe yield" of the underlying aquifer; and 3) determine what factors primarily influenced the groundwater extraction rates of private wells. An important component of the research included defining and applying the concept of "total latent water demand," and its corollary, "latent groundwater demand." Together the two concepts are innovative ways of approaching the question of safe aquifer yields of groundwater used for irrigation.