Presently there exists a myriad of in situ treatment technologies available for deployment by remediation professionals in the restoration of groundwater and soil. These technologies include physical, chemical, and biological approaches. In recent years, there has been a shift to integrate or combine technologies at a single site to minimize clean-up cost and time, and maximize the system treatment efficacy. This integration may be temporal where technologies are connected in a logical sequence (i.e., treatment train), or in a spatial manner where different technologies are used to address different site conditions.