Farm Water Management in Upland Areas of Baluchistan
WATER LOSSES DURING DELIVERY FROM SOURCE TO THE FIELD AVERAGED 24%, WHICH IS ABOUT HALF AS MUCH LOSS AS IN THE PUNJAB. THIS RESULTS FROM WATERCOURSES BEING SHORTER AND OPERATING WATER SURFACE LEVELS THAT ARE COMMONLY LOWER THAN THE SURFACE OF ADJACENT LANDS. HIGHER COST OF WATER RESULTS IN FARMERS TAKING BETTER CARE OF THEIR WATER. VALUE OF WATER ALSO VARIED WITH THE SEASON, RANGING FROM ZERO DURING JANUARY AND FEBRUARY WHEN SOME FARMERS ALLOW KAREZ WATER TO RUN TO THE RIVERS TO OVER RS. 1000/ACRE-FOOT IN THE MONTHS OF MAY THROUGH AUGUST WHEN SOME OF THESE SAME FARMERS ARE BUYING WATER FROM WELL OWNERS. THERE IS A NEED FOR STORAGE TO SAVE THIS WATER FROM SEASONS WHEN ITS VALUE IS LOW TO SEASONS WHEN ITS VALUE IS HIGH. UNDERGROUND STORAGE AND A SOLUTION TO THE HIGH COSTS OF KAREZ MAINTENANCE BY INSTALLING A VALVED CONCRETE PIPE, PERFORATED AND GRAVEL-PACKED IN THE INTAKE PORTIONS OF THE KAREZ, APPEARS TO BE PROMISING. OVERIRRIGATION OCCURS IN THE AVERAGE FIELDS BY ALMOST 100%. A DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH IS SUGGESTED WITH TECHNICIANS TRAINED TO WORK WITH FARMERS AND GROUPS OF FARMERS TO IDENTIFY AND DEVELOP SOLUTIONS TO THEIR PROBLEMS.